teory dell hymes

Name : Moh. Jufri
Nim : 05320121
Class : B
Subject : Current Issue in Linguistic
Barack Obama's speech

"We the people, in order to form a more perfect union."
1. Setting and scene
Setting
This speech happened when Barack Obama gave speech on Politics stage in Constitution Center Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on March 18, 2008 10:15 AM.
Scene.
If I see from the title of this speech , the scene was so serious because this program is very formal. And also Obama is one of the senator of Democrat party so everything he said will be valued by the all of citizens.

2. Participants
The participants are just the audiences and speaker for it is one of the examples of speech. Linguists will make distinctions within these categories; for example, the audience can be distinguished as addressees and other hearers. And speaker can be called as sender or speaker. The audiences here are only Black citizens, because Barack Obama is one of the candidate of president that comes from blacks. To emphasize this statement I will take the example of Obama's speech.

. "Legalized discrimination - where blacks were prevented, often through violence, from owning property, or loans were not granted to African-American business owners, or black homeowners could not access FHA mortgages, or blacks were excluded from unions, or the police force, or fire departments - meant that black families could not amass any meaningful wealth to bequeath to future generations. That history helps explain the wealth and income gap between black and white, and the concentrated pockets of poverty that persists in so many of today's urban and rural communities."


3. Ends
The proposes or goals of Obama's speech are
1. he wants to take pay attention to all of the audiences. In this occasion he take pastor as one of the examples of his speech, and he said

“I have already condemned, in unequivocal terms, the statements of Reverend Wright that have caused such controversy. For some, nagging questions remain. Did I know him to be an occasionally fierce critic of American domestic and foreign policy? Of course. Did I ever hear him make remarks that could be considered controversial while I sat in church? Yes. Did I strongly disagree with many of his political views? Absolutely - just as I'm sure many of you have heard remarks from your pastors, priests, or rabbis with which you strongly disagreed.”


2. he wants to be winner not only in the local selection it means that in his own party in order he can be brought to real general election but also in the general election of American president. To achieve his desire, he campained for about his vision and mision, as like this statement below

”Some will see this as an attempt to justify or excuse comments that are simply inexcusable. I can assure you it is not. I suppose the politically safe thing would be to move on from this episode and just hope that it fades into the woodwork. We can dismiss Reverend Wright as a crank or a demagogue, just as some have dismissed Geraldine Ferraro, in the aftermath of her recent statements, as harboring some deep-seated racial bias.”

4. Act Sequence
Obama started his speech by telling an event that hapened in two hundrend and one years ago, in a hall that still stands across the street. This event made Obama sad and angry because there were statesmen and patriots who had traveled across an ocean to escape tyranny and persecution finally made real their declaration of independence at a Philadelphia convention that lasted through the spring of 1787.

The following statemen he introdused himself and told his background family to all of the audiences. Then, he explained the pastor that was demagogue and his vision and mision.

5. Key
Ø The keys oe this speech are
Ø Blacks and Whites
Ø Statesmen and patriots
Ø Descrimination
Ø Pastor Reverend Jeremiah
Ø Memory
Ø A lack of economic opportunity

6. Instrumentalities
Obama has spoken using a more formal register and careful grammatically "standard" forms for he wanted to look interesting in the front of audiences. Also he spoke very loudly. It is one the examples that he use in his speech.

“I am the son of a black man from Kenya and a white woman from Kansas. I was raised with the help of a white grandfather who survived a Depression to serve in Patton's Army during World War II and a white grandmother who worked on a bomber assembly line at Fort Leavenworth while he was overseas. I've gone to some of the best schools in America and lived in one of the world's poorest nations. I am married to a black American who carries within her the blood of slaves and slaveowners - an inheritance we pass on to our two precious daughters. I have brothers, sisters, nieces, nephews, uncles and cousins, of every race and every hue, scattered across three continents, and for as long as I live, I will never forget that in no other country on Earth is my story even possible.”

7. Norms
No interruption in this events. Obama dilevered his speech seriously so the participants are not allowed to give comment and critic.

8. Genre
The kinds of this speech are, telling the bad event in previous years, introducing his families’ character, giving anecdote, also he has his own style to deliver his speech.